THYROID DISEASES

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THYROID DISEASES

Thyroid is a small gland found at the base of your neck, just below your Adam's apple. The thyroid produces two main hormones called T3 and T4.Women are more likely than men to develop thyroid disorders.

Hypothyroidism

is when your thyroid does not make enough thyroid hormones. It is also called underactive thyroid.

Symptoms of
hypothyroidism

Symptoms - fatigability, coldness, weight gain, constipation, low voice, irregular periods.

Signs - Cool dry skin, swelling of face/hands/legs, slow reflexes, myxoedema

Newborn (Cretinism) - Retardation, short stature, swelling of face/hands, possible deafness.

Hyperthyroidism

Some disorders cause the thyroid to make more thyroid hormones than the body needs.

Symptoms of
hyperthyroidism

Weight loss, even if you eat the same or more food

Eating more than usual

Rapid or irregular heartbeat or pounding of your heart

Anxiety

Irritability

Trouble sleeping

Trembling in your hands and fingers

Increased sweating

Increased sensitivity to heat

Muscle weakness

More frequent bowel movements

Less frequent menstrual periods with lighter than normal menstrual flow.

Thyroid nodule
is a swelling in one section of the thyroid gland. The nodule can be solid or filled with f luid or blood. Try standing in front of a mirror and raise your chin slightly. Look for a bump on either side of your windpipe below your Adam's apple. If the bump moves up and down when you swallow, it may be a thyroid nod­ule.

Thyroiditis

is inflam­mation, or swelling, of the thyroid.

1.Postpartum thyroidits

2.Silent or painless thyroiditis

3.Subacute thyroiditis

Goiter
:
Chronic enlargement of the thyroid gland not due to neoplasm.

Endemic goiter.

Sporadic goiter .

Familial.

Usually, the only symptom of a goiter is a swelling in your neck. But a very large or advanced goiter can cause a tight feeling in your throat, coughing, or problems swallowing or breathing.Having a goiter does not always mean that your thyroid is not making the right amount of hormones. Depending on the cause of your goiter, your thyroid could be making too much, not enough, or the right amount of hormones.