JAUNDICE

<p>JAUNDICE</p><p>I t is defined as the yellowish discolouration of skin and mucous membrane due to the increased level of biliburin in blood.</p><p>OR</p><p>IT IS <br>CLINICALLY <br> defined as the yellowish discolouration of skin and mucous membrane (pallorness )caused by increasedlevel of billuribin and its conjugates 1.5 mg/100 ml plasma.</p><p>Types of Jaundice;</p><p>A. <br>On the basis of pathological condition:</p><p>1 Conjugated</p><p>2.Unconjugated</p><p>B. On the basis of clinical classification:</p><p>1. haemolytic jaundice</p><p>2.hepatocellular jaundice</p><p>3.Obstructive jaundice</p><p>C. On the baisiS of morphology</p><p>1. Pre-hepatic</p><p>2. Hepatic</p><p>3. Post- hepatic</p><p>Bile pigment increase may be due to</p><p>1.increased bile pigment load to the liver</p><p>2.affection of bilirubin diffusion into the liver cells</p><p>3.defective conjugation</p><p>4.defective excretion</p><p>HAEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE</p><p>This is resulting from excessive destruction of RBCs and their precursor in the bone marrow causing increased bilirubin production.unconjugated bilirubin accumulates in the blood.</p><p>HEPATOCELLULAR JAUNDICE</p><p>Failure of conjugation of bilirubin due to the liver injury or liver disorder leads to increased level of bilirubin (conjugated}.</p><p>OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE</p><p>Failure of excretion of bilirubin into the intestine through the bile due to the obstructive causes.</p>