JAUNDICE

JAUNDICE

I t is defined as the yellowish discolouration of skin and mucous membrane due to the increased level of biliburin in blood.

OR

IT IS
CLINICALLY
defined as the yellowish discolouration of skin and mucous membrane (pallorness )caused by increasedlevel of billuribin and its conjugates 1.5 mg/100 ml plasma.

Types of Jaundice;

A.
On the basis of pathological condition:

1 Conjugated

2.Unconjugated

B. On the basis of clinical classification:

1. haemolytic jaundice

2.hepatocellular jaundice

3.Obstructive jaundice

C. On the baisiS of morphology

1. Pre-hepatic

2. Hepatic

3. Post- hepatic

Bile pigment increase may be due to

1.increased bile pigment load to the liver

2.affection of bilirubin diffusion into the liver cells

3.defective conjugation

4.defective excretion

HAEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE

This is resulting from excessive destruction of RBCs and their precursor in the bone marrow causing increased bilirubin production.unconjugated bilirubin accumulates in the blood.

HEPATOCELLULAR JAUNDICE

Failure of conjugation of bilirubin due to the liver injury or liver disorder leads to increased level of bilirubin (conjugated}.

OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE

Failure of excretion of bilirubin into the intestine through the bile due to the obstructive causes.